Islamic Philosophy of Benevolence (Al-Iḥsān) and Aesthetic Reflection: A Study of Sūrah al-Raḥmān

Abstract

This paper intends to study the concept of benevolence (Al-Iḥsān) in relation to beauty and aesthetics as expressed in the verses of Sūrah al-Raḥmān, the chapter also known as bridle of the Holy Qur’ān. It has been examined exegetically that this Sūrah projects a beautiful sketch around the thematic study of benevolence i.e. a pivotal discourse of paper in relation to the whole subjects of Sūrah. Employing analytical method, we may judge that the concept of benevolence and its link with beautiful manners as well as its mutual relationship with Divine Mercy where nexus between God and His servants is very important and unique. We came to know through this study that verses of Sūrah al-Raḥmān indicated an aesthetic outlook at different levels ultimately towards Ultimate Reality. Benevolence (al-Iḥsān) literally, technically and from Prophetic Sayings is an expression of good act (khyr), beauty (ḥusn), aesthetics (jamāl), perfection and even that the nearness and closeness to God as well as the removal of curtain between servant and his master Allah Almighty the Most Beautiful Lord. The concept of benevolence includes physical and metaphysical dimensions incorporating fulfillment of human necessities in this world and in the world of Hereafter searching for better and well-civilized living tempo of life.

Keywords: Benevolence (Al-Iḥsān), Sūrah Al-Raḥmān, Peak of Aesthetic, Divine Mercy, Mutual Relationship